Mangroves are shrubs, usually reaching less than 10 feet high. They thrive in saltwater and grow along the coast in tropical and subtropical regions. Most mangrove swamps in the U.S. are found in Florida, with smaller patches along the coasts of Texas and Louisiana. Their dense root systems provide good habitat for many species of fish, shellfish and other species, and also help reduce the impact of storms on coastal areas. Mangrove seeds can survive for days in the ocean, sometimes traveling to start new colonies many miles from where they started.

Notable Species: Red mangrove, brown pelican, key deer, American crocodile.

Notable Refuges: Ten Thousand Islands, J.N. “Ding” Darling, Breton, Vieques.