FWS Focus

Overview

Characteristics
Overview

The northern spotted owl is the largest of three subspecies of spotted owls, and inhabits structurally complex forests from southwestern British Columbia, through Washington and Oregon, and into northern California. The northern spotted owl is relatively long-lived, has a long reproductive life span, invests significantly in parental care, and exhibits high adult survivorship relative to other North American owls. Northern spotted owls are medium-sized, chocolate brown owls with dark eyes, and they have round or irregular white spots on their head, neck, back, and underparts.

Scientific Name

Strix occidentalis caurina
Common Name
Northern Spotted Owl
FWS Category
Birds
Kingdom

Location in Taxonomic Tree

Identification Numbers

TSN:

Characteristics

Characteristic category

Habitat

Characteristics
Habitat

Forest

A dense growth of trees and underbrush covering a large tract.

Characteristic category

Behavior

Characteristics
Behavior
Characteristic category

Life Cycle

Characteristics
Life Span
Reproduction
Characteristic category

Food

Characteristics
Food

Northern spotted owls are nocturnal perch-and-pounce predators that captures prey with their claws. They primarily eat small forest mammals, like flying squirrels, woodrats, voles and mice.

Geography

Characteristics
Range

Launch Interactive Map

Timeline

Explore the information available for this taxon's timeline. You can select an event on the timeline to view more information, or cycle through the content available in the carousel below.

70 Items

Listing

Listing

Listing

Notice

Listing

Critical Habitat

Critical Habitat

Critical Habitat

Critical Habitat

Critical Habitat

Delisting

4d

NEPA - EIS

4d

Habitat Conservation Plan

NEPA - EIS

NEPA - EIS

Delisting

Permit

Habitat Conservation Plan

Habitat Conservation Plan

NEPA - EIS

NEPA - EIS

Notice

Habitat Conservation Plan

Five Year Review

Notice

Habitat Conservation Plan

Habitat Conservation Plan

Habitat Conservation Plan

Recovery Plan

Critical Habitat

Notice

Recovery Plan

Notice

Critical Habitat

Habitat Conservation Plan

Safe Harbor Agreement

Safe Harbor Agreement

Recovery Plan

Habitat Conservation Plan

Five Year Review

Notice

Recovery Plan

Habitat Conservation Plan

Five Year Review

Recovery Plan

Recovery Plan

Critical Habitat

Notice

Notice

Notice

Safe Harbor Agreement

Critical Habitat

Uplisting

Safe Harbor Agreement

Safe Harbor Agreement

Safe Harbor Agreement

Safe Harbor Agreement

Safe Harbor Agreement

Critical Habitat

Uplisting

Critical Habitat

Critical Habitat

Critical Habitat

Critical Habitat

Critical Habitat

Listing

Listing

Uplisting

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Listing

Sep 11, 1987

Sep 11, 1987 Listing (Substantial)
90-Day Petition Finding & Initiation of Status Review; Northern Spotted Owl; 52 FR 34396-34397
  • Publication type: 90 day petition finding
Item 1

Listing

Dec 23, 1987

Dec 23, 1987 Listing (Not Warranted)
Finding on Northern Spotted Owl Petition; 52 FR 48552-48554
  • Publication type: 12m petition finding
Item 2

Listing

Jun 23, 1989

Jun 23, 1989 Listing (Threatened)
ETWP; Proposed Threatened Status for the Northern Spotted Owl; 54 FR 26666 26667
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 3

Notice

Mar 29, 1990

Mar 29, 1990 Notice
ETWP; Reopening of Comment Period on Proposed Threatened Status for the Northern Spotted Owl; 55 FRโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Comment Period Reopening
Item 4

Listing

Jun 26, 1990

Jun 26, 1990 Listing (Threatened)
ETWP; Determination of Threatened Status for the Northern Spotted Owl; 55 FR 26114 26194
  • Publication type: Final
Item 5

Critical Habitat

May 6, 1991

May 6, 1991 Critical Habitat
ETWP; Proposed Determination of Critical Habitat for Strix occidentalis caurina (Northern Spotted Owโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 6

Critical Habitat

Aug 13, 1991

Aug 13, 1991 Critical Habitat
ETWP; Revised Proposed Determination of Critical Habitat for Strix occidentalis caurina (Northern Spโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 7

Critical Habitat

Oct 8, 1991

Oct 8, 1991 Critical Habitat
ETWP; Proposed Determination of Critical Habitat for Strix occidentalis caurina (Northern Spotted Owโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 8

Critical Habitat

Nov 12, 1991

Nov 12, 1991 Critical Habitat
(Correction) ETWP; Proposed Determination of Critical Habitat for Strix occidentalis caurina (Northeโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 9

Critical Habitat

Jan 15, 1992

Jan 15, 1992 Critical Habitat
ETWP; Determination of Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl
  • Publication type: Final
Item 10

Delisting

Aug 31, 1994

Aug 31, 1994 Delisting (Not Substantial)
ETWP; 90-Day Finding on a Petition to Remove the Northern Spotted Owl in California From the List ofโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: 90 day petition finding
Item 11

4d

Feb 17, 1995

Feb 17, 1995 4d
ETWP; Proposed Special Rule for the Conservation of the Northern Spotted Owl on Non-Federal Lands
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 12

NEPA - EIS

Nov 17, 1995

Nov 17, 1995 NEPA - EIS
Availability of a Draft Environmental Impact Statement and Receipt of an Application for the Proposeโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 13

4d

May 10, 1996

May 10, 1996 4d
ETWP; Proposed Special Rule for the Conservation of the Northern Spotted Owl on Non-Federal Lands
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 14

Habitat Conservation Plan

Jan 6, 1999

Jan 6, 1999 Habitat Conservation Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Availability of a Habitat Conservation Plan and Receipt of an Application for an Incidental Take Perโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 15

NEPA - EIS

Jan 20, 1999

Jan 20, 1999 NEPA - EIS
Notice of Intent to Prepare an Environmental Impact Statement Regarding Proposed Issuance of an Inciโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 16

NEPA - EIS

Jan 31, 2000

Jan 31, 2000 NEPA - EIS
Availability of a Draft Environmental Impact Statement and Receipt of an Application for Incidentalโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 17

Delisting

Feb 3, 2000

Feb 3, 2000 Delisting (Not Substantial)
90-Day Finding for a Petition To Delist the Northern Spotted Owl From the List of Threatened and Endโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: 90 day petition finding
Item 18

Permit

Feb 10, 2000

Feb 10, 2000 Permit (Issued)
Availability of the Record of Decision for the Proposed Modification of a Habitat Conservation Planโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: SHA, HCP, CCAA
Item 19

Habitat Conservation Plan

Feb 16, 2000

Feb 16, 2000 Habitat Conservation Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Extension of Comment Period for the Draft Environmental Impact Statement, and Incidental Take Permitโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 20

Habitat Conservation Plan

Feb 18, 2000

Feb 18, 2000 Habitat Conservation Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Availability of a Habitat Conservation Plan and Receipt of an Application for an Incidental Take Perโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 21

NEPA - EIS

Mar 15, 2000

Mar 15, 2000 NEPA - EIS
Extension of Public Comment Period for Draft Environmental Impact Statement and Application for an Iโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 22

NEPA - EIS

Jan 5, 2001

Jan 5, 2001 NEPA - EIS
Availability of a Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Tacoma Water Department Habitat Conseโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Final
Item 23

Notice

Mar 22, 2002

Mar 22, 2002 Notice (Safe Harbor Agreement)
Availability of a Safe Harbor Agreement for Forster-Gill, Inc., Blue Lake Properties, Humboldt Countโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Document Availability
Item 24

Habitat Conservation Plan

Oct 29, 2002

Oct 29, 2002 Habitat Conservation Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior;Proposed Habitat Conservation Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl,โ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 25

Five Year Review

Apr 21, 2003

Apr 21, 2003 Five Year Review (Information Solicitation)
5-Year Review of the Marbled Murrelet and the Northern Spotted Owl
  • Publication type: Notice
Item 26

Notice

Jul 25, 2003

Jul 25, 2003 Notice
Second Information Request for the 5-Year Reviews of the Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratusโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Comment Period Reopening
Item 27

Habitat Conservation Plan

May 9, 2005

May 9, 2005 Habitat Conservation Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Notice of Intent to Conduct Public Scoping Meetings and to Prepare an Environmental Impact Statementโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 28

Habitat Conservation Plan

May 24, 2005

May 24, 2005 Habitat Conservation Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Notice of Intent to Conduct Public Scoping Meetings and to Prepare an Environmental Impact Statementโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 29

Habitat Conservation Plan

Jul 25, 2005

Jul 25, 2005 Habitat Conservation Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Notice of Intent to Conduct Public Scoping Meetings and to Prepare an Environmental Impact Statementโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 30

Recovery Plan

Apr 26, 2007

Apr 26, 2007 Recovery Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Draft Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina)
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 31

Critical Habitat

Jun 12, 2007

Jun 12, 2007 Critical Habitat
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposed Revised Designation of Critical Habitat forโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 32

Notice

Jun 14, 2007

Jun 14, 2007 Notice
Draft Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina)
  • Publication type: Comment Period Extension
Item 33

Recovery Plan

Jun 14, 2007

Jun 14, 2007 Recovery Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Draft Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina)
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 34

Notice

Sep 5, 2007

Sep 5, 2007 Notice
Designation of Critical Habitat for the Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus, Designation of Cโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Comment Period Reopening
Item 35

Critical Habitat

Aug 13, 2008

Aug 13, 2008 Critical Habitat
Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl; Final Rule
  • Publication type: Final
Item 36

Habitat Conservation Plan

Aug 22, 2008

Aug 22, 2008 Habitat Conservation Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Availability of a Draft Environmental Impact Statement and Habitat Conservation Plan, and Receipt ofโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 37

Safe Harbor Agreement

Dec 17, 2008

Dec 17, 2008 Safe Harbor Agreement (Document Availability (non-FR))
Receipt of Application for an Enhancement of Survival Permit for the Northern Spotted Owl and the Maโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 38

Safe Harbor Agreement

Jul 21, 2009

Jul 21, 2009 Safe Harbor Agreement (Document Availability (non-FR))
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Permit Application, Northern Spotted Owl, Oregon
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 39

Recovery Plan

Sep 15, 2010

Sep 15, 2010 Recovery Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Draft Revised Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina)
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 40

Habitat Conservation Plan

Oct 1, 2010

Oct 1, 2010 Habitat Conservation Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Proposed Issuance of Incidental Take Permits to the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife for Sโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 41

Five Year Review

Nov 24, 2010

Nov 24, 2010 Five Year Review (Information Solicitation)
5-Year Status Reviews of 58 Species in Washington, Oregon, California, and Hawaii
  • Publication type: Notice
Item 42

Notice

Nov 30, 2010

Nov 30, 2010 Notice
Draft Revised Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina); Reopening ofโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Comment Period Reopening
Item 43

Recovery Plan

Nov 30, 2010

Nov 30, 2010 Recovery Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Draft Revised Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina); Reopening ofโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 44

Habitat Conservation Plan

Mar 29, 2011

Mar 29, 2011 Habitat Conservation Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Receipt of Application for an Endangered Species Act Incidental Take Permit
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 45

Five Year Review

Apr 20, 2011

Apr 20, 2011 Five Year Review (Information Solicitation)
5-Year Status Reviews of Three Species in Washington, Oregon, and California; Reopening of Public Coโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Notice
Item 46

Recovery Plan

Apr 22, 2011

Apr 22, 2011 Recovery Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Reopening of Comment Period for Draft Revised Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl--Appendix C
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 47

Recovery Plan

Jul 1, 2011

Jul 1, 2011 Recovery Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Revised Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina)
  • Publication type: Final
Item 48

Critical Habitat

Mar 8, 2012

Mar 8, 2012 Critical Habitat
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Revised Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owlโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 49

Notice

May 8, 2012

May 8, 2012 Notice
Revised Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl: Proposed rule; extension of public comment peโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Public Hearing
Item 50

Notice

May 8, 2012

May 8, 2012 Notice
Revised Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl: Proposed rule; extension of public comment peโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Comment Period Extension
Item 51

Notice

Jun 1, 2012

Jun 1, 2012 Notice
Revised Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina: Proposed rule; avโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Comment Period Extension
Item 52

Safe Harbor Agreement

Aug 21, 2012

Aug 21, 2012 Safe Harbor Agreement (Document Availability (non-FR))
Proposed Safe Harbor Agreement for the Northern Spotted Owl, Skamania, Klickitat, and Yakima Countieโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 53

Critical Habitat

Dec 4, 2012

Dec 4, 2012 Critical Habitat
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Designation of Revised Critical Habitat for the Nortโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Final
Item 54

Uplisting

Apr 10, 2015

Apr 10, 2015 Uplisting (Substantial)
90-Day Findings on 10 Petitions; Notice of petition findings and initiation of status reviews
  • Publication type: 90 day petition finding
Item 55

Safe Harbor Agreement

May 5, 2015

May 5, 2015 Safe Harbor Agreement (Document Availability (non-FR))
Draft Safe Harbor Agreement and Receipt of Application for an Enhancement of Survival Permit for theโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 56

Safe Harbor Agreement

Nov 3, 2015

Nov 3, 2015 Safe Harbor Agreement (Document Availability (non-FR))
Proposed Safe Harbor Agreement for the Northern Spotted Owl and Draft Environmental Assessment, Roseโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 57

Safe Harbor Agreement

Feb 22, 2016

Feb 22, 2016 Safe Harbor Agreement (Document Availability (non-FR))
Proposed Weyerhaeuser Company Safe Harbor Agreement for the Northern Spotted Owl and Draft Environmeโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 58

Safe Harbor Agreement

Mar 21, 2016

Mar 21, 2016 Safe Harbor Agreement (Document Availability (non-FR))
Oregon Department of Forestry; Proposed Safe Harbor Agreement for the Northern Spotted Owl and Draftโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 59

Safe Harbor Agreement

Sep 29, 2016

Sep 29, 2016 Safe Harbor Agreement (Document Availability (non-FR))
Proposed Roseburg Resources Co. Safe Harbor Agreement for the Northern Spotted Owl and Draft Environโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 60

Critical Habitat

Aug 11, 2020

Aug 11, 2020 Critical Habitat (Revision)
Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 61

Uplisting

Dec 15, 2020

Dec 15, 2020 Uplisting (Warranted But Precluded)
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 12-Month Finding for the Northern Spotted Owl
  • Publication type: 12m petition finding
Item 62

Critical Habitat

Jan 15, 2021

Jan 15, 2021 Critical Habitat
Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl
  • Publication type: Final
Item 63

Critical Habitat

Mar 1, 2021

Mar 1, 2021 Critical Habitat
Final rule; delay of effective date and request for comments.
  • Publication type: Deferred Date
Item 64

Critical Habitat

Apr 30, 2021

Apr 30, 2021 Critical Habitat
Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl; Delay of Effective Date
  • Publication type: Deferred Date
Item 65

Critical Habitat

Jul 20, 2021

Jul 20, 2021 Critical Habitat (Revision)
Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 66

Critical Habitat

Nov 10, 2021

Nov 10, 2021 Critical Habitat
Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl
  • Publication type: Final
Item 67

Listing

May 3, 2022

May 3, 2022 Listing
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Species That Are Candidates for Listing asโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 68

Listing

Jun 27, 2023

Jun 27, 2023 Listing
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Species That Are Candidates for Listing asโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 69

Uplisting

Jun 27, 2023

Jun 27, 2023 Uplisting (Warranted But Precluded)
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Species That Are Candidates for Listing asโ€ฆ
  • Publication type: 12m petition finding
Item 70