FWS Focus

Overview

Characteristics
Overview

Many-flowered navarretia is an annual herb of the phlox family with pale blue flowers. This extremely rare subspecies is found only on substrates of volcanic origin and is dependent on vernal pools, vernal lakes and swales for survival. Its life history is closely linked to the hydrology of these wetlands. As of 2009, there were seven known occurrences of this subspecies; five in Lake County and two in Sonoma County, which are potentially extirpated.

The primary threats to this subspecies include wetland drainage, off-highway vehicle use, effects from road maintenance activities, residential development, competition from invasive weedy plant species, climate change climate change
Climate change includes both global warming driven by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. Though there have been previous periods of climatic change, since the mid-20th century humans have had an unprecedented impact on Earth's climate system and caused change on a global scale.

Learn more about climate change
, small population size, and risk of localized stochastic extirpations.

Many-flowered navarretia was listed as endangered on June 18, 1997.

Scientific Name

Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha
Common Name
many-flowered navarretia
manyflowered navarretia
FWS Category
Flowering Plants
Kingdom

Location in Taxonomic Tree

Identification Numbers

TSN:

Characteristics

Characteristic category

Physical Characteristics

Characteristics
Size & Shape

Many-flowered navarretia forms mats 2.0 to 7.9 inches across and 0.4 to 1.2 inches high. The stems have a peeling, white surface and are highly branched. Stem thickness is 0.03 to 0.06 inch and is more or less uniform throughout its length. The leaves are 1.2 to 1.6 inches long and are either entire or have a few thread-like lobes. Flower heads are 0.6 to 0.8 inch across and contain between 10 and 60 pale blue flowers. Each flower in the head is 0.20 to 0.24 inches long. Each fruit may contain as many as three seeds. The fruit of this species is a papery capsule that breaks open only when wet.

Characteristic category

Life Cycle

Characteristics
Reproduction

Little is known about the life history and demography of many-flowered navarretia. Like many vernal pool annuals, its seeds germinate underwater and flower after the pools dry. The plants flower in May and June. The flowers are probably insect-pollinated. Navarretias with similar flowers that occur outside of vernal pools are pollinated by a variety of bees and bee flies, although other insects may visit to collect nectar.

Characteristic category

Habitat

Characteristics
Habitat

Many-flowered navarretia is found in pools that form on volcanic substrate, specifically in Northern Basalt Flow and Northern Volcanic Ashflow Vernal Pools. Typical many-flowered navarretia is found only at Boggs Lake. The lake itself is classified as a northern volcanic ashflow vernal pool which consists of a clay layer that is impervious to water and is buried under a layer of volcanic ash. The soil at Boggs Lake is in the Collayomi-Aiken-Whispering complex. Elsewhere, Many-flowered navarretia occurs in vernal pools, vernal lakes and swales.

Wetland

Areas such as marshes or swamps that are covered often intermittently with shallow water or have soil saturated with moisture.

Geography

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Timeline

Explore the information available for this taxon's timeline. You can select an event on the timeline to view more information, or cycle through the content available in the carousel below.

14 Items

Listing

Listing

Listing

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Listing

Listing

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Recovery Plan

Five Year Review

Five Year Review

Five Year Review

Five Year Review

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Listing

Jul 1, 1975

Jul 1, 1975 Listing
Review of Status of Vascular Plants
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 1

Listing

Dec 15, 1980

Dec 15, 1980 Listing
Review of Plant Taxa for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 2

Listing

Nov 28, 1983

Nov 28, 1983 Listing
Supplement to Review of Plant Taxa for Listing as End. or Thr. Species; 48 FR 53640-53670
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 3

Listing

Sep 27, 1985

Sep 27, 1985 Listing
Review of Plant Taxa for Listing as End. or Thr. Species; Notice of Review; 50 FR 39526-39584
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 4

Listing

Feb 21, 1990

Feb 21, 1990 Listing
ETWP; Review of Plant Taxa for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species; Notice of Review; 55 FR…
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 5

Listing

Sep 30, 1993

Sep 30, 1993 Listing
ETWP; Review of Plant Taxa for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 6

Listing

Dec 19, 1994

Dec 19, 1994 Listing (Endangered)
ETWP; Proposed Endangered Status for Four Plants From Vernal Pools and Mesic Areas in Northern Calif…
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 7

Listing

Feb 28, 1996

Feb 28, 1996 Listing
ETWP; Review of Plant and Animal Taxa That Are Candidates for Listing as Endangered or Threatened S…
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 8

Listing

Jun 18, 1997

Jun 18, 1997 Listing (Endangered)
ETWP; Endangered Status for Four Plants From Vernal Pools and Mesic Areas in Northern California
  • Publication type: Final
Item 9

Recovery Plan

Nov 18, 2004

Nov 18, 2004 Recovery Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Draft Recovery Plan for Vernal Pool Ecosystems of California and Southern Oregon
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 10

Five Year Review

Feb 14, 2007

Feb 14, 2007 Five Year Review (Information Solicitation)
Initiation of 5-Year Reviews of 58 Species in California and Nevada; Availability of Completed 5-Yea…
  • Publication type: Notice
Item 11

Five Year Review

May 21, 2010

May 21, 2010 Five Year Review (Completion)
Initiation of 5-Year Reviews of 34 Species in California and Nevada; Availability of 96 Completed 5-…
  • Publication type: Notice
Item 12

Five Year Review

Apr 1, 2013

Apr 1, 2013 Five Year Review (Information Solicitation)
Initiation of 5-Year Reviews of 56 Species in California and Nevada; request for information
  • Publication type: Notice
Item 13

Five Year Review

Feb 2, 2022

Feb 2, 2022 Five Year Review (Information Solicitation)
Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews of 40 Species in California, Nevada, and Oregon; request for inf…
  • Publication type: Notice
Item 14