About Us

Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge was established on July 7, 1938 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt as a refuge and breeding ground for migratory birds and other wildlife. It was the first refuge ever superimposed on a hydro-electric impoundment and in the early stages, considered an experiment to determine the possibility of attracting migratory waterfowl onto a multipurpose impoundment. 

Although designated as a waterfowl refuge, the 35,000 acre refuge provides for a wide spectrum of wildlife. Its great diversity of habitat includes deep river channels, tributary creeks, tupelo swamps, open backwater embayments, bottomland hardwoods, pine uplands, and agricultural fields. This rich mix of habitats provide places for over 295 bird species to rest, nest and winter, including over 30 species of waterfowl and an increasing population of Sandhill cranes and a small number of Whooping cranes. 

The refuge is also home to 115 species of fish, 74 species of reptiles and amphibians, 47 species of mammals, 38 species of freshwater mussels, and 26 species of freshwater snails. Other animals such as the endangered Gray bat and Whooping crane benefit from the protection of the National Wildlife Refuge System, and the care of dedicated refuge staff and other friends of wildlife, like you.  

The marsh scene of a bottomland hardwood forest
Image Details

Our Mission

The Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge Complex will protect, manage, and, where appropriate, restore native systems of lands and waters to provide habitat for wildlife, fisheries, and plants within northern Alabama for the benefit and enjoyment of present and future generations of Americans. In addition, the Complex will seek partnerships that promote environmental stewardship on non-refuge lands, foster research opportunities to enhance resource management and restoration efforts in the Lower Tennessee-Cumberland Ecosystem, and protect historical and cultural resources of the Complex. When compatible, wildlife-dependent recreational opportunities for hunting, fishing, wildlife observation, wildlife photography, and environmental education and interpretation will be provided, while promoting the public’s understanding of the purposes of refuges in the Wheeler Complex and the mission of the National Wildlife Refuge System.

Other Facilities in this Complex

Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge is managed as part of the Wheeler Complex.

Gray bats flying under tree canopy outside of Sauta Cave
Sauta Cave National Wildlife Refuge
Sauta Cave National Wildlife Refuge is a 264-acre Refuge located west of Scottsboro, Alabama. The refuge provides protection for the federally endangered Gray and Indiana bats, and their crucial habitat.
National Wildlife Refuge
Decatur,AL
Three healthy Indiana bats huddled in a cave
Fern Cave National Wildlife Refuge
Home to the largest wintering colony of gray bats in the US, Fern Cave National Wildlife Refuge was established to protect this endangered species.
National Wildlife Refuge
Decatur,AL
Watercress Darter fish in the water
Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuge
Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuge, located in Bessemer, Alabama, was established to provide protection for the endangered watercress darter.
National Wildlife Refuge
Anniston,AL
Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge
Located southwest of Florence, Alabama, Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge protects the only known population of the endangered Alabama cavefish.
National Wildlife Refuge
Decatur,AL
Cahaba River
Cahaba River National Wildlife Refuge
Cahaba River National Wildlife Refuge, located in Bibb County, Alabama, was established for the purpose of protecting and managing a unique section of the Cahaba River and land adjacent to it.
National Wildlife Refuge
An image of a Prairie Warbler perched in a tree.
Mountain Longleaf National Wildlife Refuge
Mountain Longleaf National Wildlife Refuge's primary purpose is to enhance, manage, and protect the unique mountain longleaf pine ecosystem in northeast Alabama.
National Wildlife Refuge
Anniston,AL