Drosophila ochrobasis, in the family Drosophilidae, is a picture-wing fly endemic to mesic and wet montane habitats on the island of Hawaii. Historically, the species was known from 10 sites on 4 of the island’s 5 volcanoes (Kohala, Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, Hualalai). Currently the species is known from the mesic montane habitat in the Kilohana enclosure within the Puu O Umi Natural Area Reserve in the Kohala Mountains. Both the body and wings of Drosophila ochrobasis are approximately 0.18 in (4.6 mm) in length. The head is yellow in front and brown on top, and the face is white with a prominent ridge running down the middle. The thorax is yellow except for a large brown spot on each side. The legs are yellow tinged with brown. In males, the basal three-fifths of the wings are predominantly clear to translucent with faint transverse streaks of brown. The outer two-thirds of the wing is dark brown with large clear spots similar to that portion of the wings in D. setosimentum. The females of D. ochrobasis are virtually indistinguishable from D. setosimentum females (Kaneshiro and Kaneshiro 1995). The larvae of this species have been reported to use the decomposing portions of three different host plant groups—Myrsine sp. (family Myrsinaceae), Clermontia sp. (family Campanulaceae), and Marattia sp.(family Marattiaceae) (Montgomery 1975; Kaneshiro and Kaneshiro 1995).