Overview
Kern mallow is an arid-land annual plant. It is found on alkali flats and eroded hillsides, as well as in grassland and saltbush scrub habitats of the southern San Joaquin Valley and adjacent areas of California. The plant has straight stems that grow between 1 inch (2.5 centimeters) to nearly 20 inches (50 centimeters) in length. The stems are covered with small hairs. Kern mallow has white to purple flowers that have five petals.
Kern mallow population size can vary greatly depending on rainfall—a lack of Kern mallow at a location one year can be followed by hundreds of individuals the next. Historically, Kern mallow was thought to have a very restricted range. At the time of listing, the species was known from only six locations in an approximately 40 square mile area in western Kern County. In 2013, there were 212 occurrences spread throughout Kern, San Luis Obispo and Ventura counties.
Kern mallow was listed as endangered on July 19, 1990. No critical habitat has been designated.
Threats to the species include habitat loss and fragmentation due to agricultural and urban development. This species is also impacted by oil, gas and other mining exploration, as well as competition from non-native grasses and climate change climate change
Climate change includes both global warming driven by human-induced emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. Though there have been previous periods of climatic change, since the mid-20th century humans have had an unprecedented impact on Earth's climate system and caused change on a global scale.
Learn more about climate change .
Scientific Name
Identification Numbers
Characteristics
Habitat
Kern mallow is an arid-land annual plant. It is found on alkali flats and eroded hillsides, as well as in grassland and saltbush scrub habitats of the southern San Joaquin Valley and adjacent areas of California. Kern mallow population size can vary greatly depending on rainfall—a lack of Kern mallow at a location one year can be followed by hundreds of individuals the next. Historically, Kern mallow was thought to have a very restricted range. At the time of listing, the species was known from only six locations in an approximately 40 square mile area in western Kern County. In 2013, there were 212 occurrences spread throughout Kern, San Luis Obispo and Ventura counties.
Land on which the natural dominant plant forms are grasses and forbs.
Arid land with usually sparse vegetation.
Life Cycle
Kern mallow responds to variation in precipitation experienced by California’s climate by germinating and growing profusely the first wet year following a drought, and then declining in subsequent years as more robust native and non-native species crowd them out, until the next drought/wet cycle. Seeds typically germinate in January and February and plants begin blooming in March. Fruit production begins within a few days after flowers appear; flower and fruit production may continue into May if sufficient moisture is available. The seeds fall from the fruits as soon as they are mature. Seeds are capable of germinating in the following growing season, but at least some remain ungerminated. Studies show that Kern mallow is pollinated by insects, but wind may also pollinate the flowers.
Physical Characteristics
The plant has straight stems that grow between 1 inch (2.5 centimeters) to nearly 20 inches (50 centimeters) in length. The stems are covered with small hairs. Kern mallow has white to purple flowers that have five petals.
Timeline
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