Leptoxis plicata

Plicate Rocksnail

FWS Focus

Overview

Characteristics
Overview

The plicate rocksnail is a pleurocerid snail that can grow to about 0.8 in (20 mm) in length. Although this species is morphologically similar to other rocksnail species in the Mobile River Basin, it is genetically distinct, as documented by C. Lydeard and others in 1997. This species is currently found in the Locust Fork of the Black Warrior River.

Scientific Name

Leptoxis plicata
Common Name
Plicate Rocksnail
FWS Category
Snails
Kingdom

Location in Taxonomic Tree

Identification Numbers

TSN:

Characteristics

Characteristic category

Habitat

Characteristics
Habitat

Plicate rocksnails inhabit shallow gravel and cobble shoals in flowing waters.

River or Stream

A natural body of running water.

Characteristic category

Food

Characteristics
Food

Pleurocerid snails are considered generalist scrapers and generally feed by ingesting periphyton, or attached algae, and biofilm detritus, meaning dead particulate organic material, scraped off the substrate by the snail’s radula. A radula is a horny band with minute teeth that snails use to pull food into the mouth, as documented by J.B.Y. Morales and A.K. Ward in 2000.

Characteristic category

Physical Characteristics

Characteristics
Size & Shape

Shells are subglobose with broadly rounded apertures or shell openings. The body whorl may be ornamented with strong folds or plicae, as described by C. Goodrich in 1922. The characteristic plicae adjacent to the suture of the body whorl are notably indistinct or absent in juveniles, as described by N.V. Whelan and others in 2014.

Measurements:
Length: About 0.8 in (20 mm)

Color & Pattern

Shell color is usually brown to green with four equidistant color bands, and the aperture is usually bluish-white.

Characteristic category

Life Cycle

Characteristics
Life Span

While longevity has not been documented in the wild, specimens have survived for two years in captivity.

Reproduction

Their eggs are usually laid singly, but they have been observed occasionally depositing two eggs in close proximity. Specimens have reproduced for multiple years in captivity at the Alabama Aquatic Biodiversity Center. They reproduce for about two months each year, when water temperatures range from 24 to 29 Degrees Celsius.

Geography

Characteristics
Range

The plicate rocksnail historically occurred in the Black Warrior River, the Little Warrior River and the Tombigbee River, as documented by C. Goodrich in 1922. It is currently found in the Locust Fork of the Black Warrior River.

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Timeline

Explore the information available for this taxon's timeline. You can select an event on the timeline to view more information, or cycle through the content available in the carousel below.

11 Items

Listing

Listing

Listing

Listing

Listing

Listing

Recovery Plan

Five Year Review

Recovery Plan

Five Year Review

Five Year Review

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Listing

Nov 21, 1991

Nov 21, 1991 Listing
ETWP; Animal Candidate Review for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species; 56 FR 58804 58836
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 1

Listing

Nov 15, 1994

Nov 15, 1994 Listing
ETWP; Animal Candidate Review for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species.
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 2

Listing

Feb 28, 1996

Feb 28, 1996 Listing
ETWP; Review of Plant and Animal Taxa That Are Candidates for Listing as Endangered or Threatened S…
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 3

Listing

Sep 19, 1997

Sep 19, 1997 Listing
Review of Plant and Animal Taxa
  • Publication type: CNOR
Item 4

Listing

Oct 17, 1997

Oct 17, 1997 Listing (Endangered)
ETWP; Proposed Rule to List Three Aquatic Snails as Endangered, and Three Aquatic Snails as Threaten…
  • Publication type: Proposed
Item 5

Listing

Oct 28, 1998

Oct 28, 1998 Listing (Endangered)
ETWP; Endangered Status for Three Aquatic Snails, and Threatened Status for Three Aquatic Snails in…
  • Publication type: Final
Item 6

Recovery Plan

Jan 18, 2005

Jan 18, 2005 Recovery Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Notice of Availability of a Technical Agency Draft Recovery Plan for Six Mobile Basin Aquatic Snails…
  • Publication type: Draft
Item 7

Five Year Review

Jun 14, 2005

Jun 14, 2005 Five Year Review (Information Solicitation)
Initiation of 5-Year Reviews of 25 Southeastern Species
  • Publication type: Notice
Item 8

Recovery Plan

Dec 2, 2005

Dec 2, 2005 Recovery Plan (Document Availability (non-FR))
Notice of Availability of a Final Recovery Plan for Six Mobile Basin Aquatic Snails
  • Publication type: Final
Item 9

Five Year Review

Mar 25, 2014

Mar 25, 2014 Five Year Review (Information Solicitation)
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 5-Year Status Reviews of 33 Southeastern Species
  • Publication type: Notice
Item 10

Five Year Review

Jun 23, 2021

Jun 23, 2021 Five Year Review (Information Solicitation)
Initiation of 5- Year Status Reviews for 37 Southeastern Species; Request for Information
  • Publication type: Notice
Item 11